Adapted from WIDA 2020 Standards Framework
This tool helps teachers analyze the academic language demands of informational texts. It is organized by WIDA’s Dimensions of Academic Language—Discourse, Sentence, and Word/Phrase.
Criteria | Details/Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|
What is the overall structure of the text? | Description? Sequence? Cause & Effect? Comparison? Problem/Solution? Question/Answer? Are tables, diagrams, or timelines used? Are mixed structures present? |
|
Headers and subheaders? | Do they reflect and support idea organization? | |
Signal words or transitions? | (e.g., in contrast, for example, as a result) | |
Consistent language? | (e.g., synonyms, pronouns) | |
Paragraphs and section breaks? | Help organize meaning? | |
Dense language? | e.g., The rapid erosion of coastal dunes by wind and water created a new shoreline. |
Criteria | Details/Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|
Sentence types? | Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound-complex | |
Clauses to show relationships? | Although she knew the truth, she stayed silent. | |
Conjunctions? | and, but, or, so; because, although, if, when | |
Punctuation? | Ellipses, dashes, colons, quotation marks, semicolons | |
Sentence variation? | Overly complex or overly simple? |
Criteria | Details/Examples | Notes |
---|---|---|
Technical/content-specific words? | (e.g., erosion, hypothesis, habitat) | |
Repeated or emphasized terms? | e.g., "innovation" (repeated for emphasis) | |
Cross-disciplinary terms? | (e.g., cycle, model, volume) | |
Multiple meanings? | (e.g., field, light, crust) | |
Morphologically complex? | displacement → dis- + place + -ment | |
Cognates? | information → información, informacja, نيشَن | |
Abstract nouns or academic verbs? | freedom, equality, justice analyze, explain, transform |
|
Gradated terms? | cool, cold, chilly, frozen | |
Phrasal verbs? | break down, take in, carry out |